Following are few of the basics of the Apache Configuration in cPanel Dedicated Servers which should be made a note of :
a) Apache Configuration file cannot be considered as Data Storage. Many changes are made to the configuration file such as scripts. Please make sure if the configuration file is corrupted, state of the domain will be lost.
b) Apache Configuration file cannot considered as configuration interface. The best way is to not to edit the configuration file.
c) Creation of Configuration that works. Creation of disfunctional configuration is definitely possible. Adaptibility to these configuration and changes should be noted due to various possibilties.
Dedicated Server Multi-Core Processors are known very well these days. This includes clock speed. Bodhost offer Intel as Well as AMD’s. When it comes to RAM, we use FB-DIMM memory which provide higher capacity than DDR technology. It also includes enhanced CRC to maintain data and commands at highest possible Integrity.
Following are Some of the basic factors of Intel and AMD :
Intel Supports :
> DDR FB-DIMM
> Bit Lane Failover Connection
> Increased Memory Data Transfer
> DDR Enhanced
> 4 MB L2 Cache ( Each Core utilizes available amount of Cache )
> two directional System Bus
> 1066 / 1333 MHz FSB Speed
AMD Supports :
> DDR RAM
> 2 MB L2 Cache ( Cache Split in 2 Cores )
> Shared Data and Address Link
However, it is dependant upon the dedicated server you opt for.
What are the advantages of Linux server hosting?
1) Linux OS is an open source software product and therefore it does not require the high licensing fees that other OS do; so you can freely download and use it freely.
2) A Linux website can easily be converted to a Windows website without much complications. Also, the website can easily be changed as the requirement of the user grows.
3) Linux web hosting is very economical as Linux is a free operating system. Usually, only the cost of distribution is borne by the host or owner.
4) When the scripting language like PHP, MySQL, or Perl etc. are required for your website then Linux server hosting is the most reliable and cost effective solution for you. Unless heavy load of scripting language, this will not be traceable.
5) There are many kinds of databases that run on Linux hosting, but the most likely among webhosting providers are MSQL, MySQL and PostgreSQL. These databases are relational by nature, and permit vastly optimized communication with your website for rapid reclamation of data.
6) By lots of circles Linux hosting is supposed to be much securing than Windows hosting, and for that reason only Linux server hosting is also the more popular choice for web designers and programmers.
What are the advantages of windows server hosting?
1) .NET technologies like ASP dot net VB dot net are available on this OS or platform. If you have a website built with Microsoft .NET technologies then you will have to choose a Windows server hosting plan.
2) If you need an enterprise class database there are some different features that run on a Linux platform but if you need Microsoft’s MSSQL database, a Windows hosting plan will be your best choice for this.
3) Access Databases are only obtainable with a Windows server hosting plan. Access can only run on a Microsoft Windows platform and thus it is unavailable on a Linux hosting. If your website needs particularly this feature then you will have to accept windows server hosting.
4) If you are using some of the Microsoft’s Sharepoint services a Windows Hosting plan is only reliable choice for you.
5) Windows plans typically much costly because of the license costs compulsory by Microsoft.
Normally, Linux server hosting plans are at least 20% economical than windows server hosting plans. If you need not to have any unique features for your website, like cart, searchable database etc, Linux server hosting is a finest alternative for your needs.
When you are required for specific Microsoft technologies, Windows hosting plans generally will be your favorable think. But for all small business owner needs Linux hosting plans will generally perform quite well for its cost effective features.
How to install APF (Advanced Policy Firewall)
APF is the site Description of the software: It is the is a policy which is based on iptables firewall system designed for ease of use and configuration. APF provides a set of features to fulfil the veteran Linux user and the novice alike. Packaged in tar.gz format and RPM formats, make APF ideal for deployment in many server environments based on Linux.
Follow these steps to install APF:-
1) First login to your server via SSH as root.
2) Make /usr/src the current working directory. Type: cd /usr/src
3) You can get the most curent verison of APF. Type: wget http://rfxnetworks.com/downloads/apf-current.tar.gz
4) Now expand the APF tar.gz file by typing: tar -xvzf apf-current.tar.gz
5) Remove the tar.gz file by typing: rm -f apf-current.tar.gz
6) Locate the APF directory by typing: ls -la Look for a directory named apf-#.#/ where #.# represents the version of APF being installed (APF version 0.8.7 would be in a directory apf-0.8.7/ and version 0.9 would be in a directory named apf-0.9).
7) Make the APF directory the current working directory. Use the directory name you located in step 5.
Note:The numbers will change as new versions are released. Type: cd apf-0.9
Run the APF installation by typing: sh ./install.sh
9) Make /etc/apf the current working directory by typing: cd /etc/apf
10) Now edit the conf.apf file as desired by typing: pico -w conf.apf
For this firewall to work properly you need to edit/add/delete ports. These ports will allow services such as mail, ftp, and ssh to come in and out of the server. If you have changed any ports, please modify them below and add/remove as needed.
# Common ingress (inbound) TCP ports IG_TCP_CPORTS=”20,21,22,25,53,80,110,143,443,465, 993,995,2082,2083,2086,2087,2095,2096,3306, 10000,35000_35999″ Please note that ports 2082 to port 2095 is mostly used by cpanel, and port 19638 is only use in ensim.
# Common ingress (inbound) UDP ports IG_UDP_CPORTS=”20,21,53,1040″
10) After you have finished with editing the ports save the file and test APF. CTRL-X, Y to save enter to confirm
11) Start APF. Type: ./apf –start or Type: service apf start
12) If APF is functioning properly and you are not locked out edit the conf.apf again Type: pico -w conf.apf
13) Set the DEVM parameter to 0 DEVM=”0″
14) Once done Exit and save the file. CTRL-X, Y to save enter to confirm
15) Restart APF by typing: service apf restart
Now for enabling connections for server monitoring. Some service providers that offer monitoring need access to your server, and access without setting off alarms, firewalls etc. is a good thing. Just note which IP(s) you put in here.
1) To allow connections from xx.xx.xx.xx/24 Type: pico -w /etc/apf/allow_hosts.rules
2) At the very end of the file add this line xx.xx.xx.xx/24 Of course replace the xx.xx.xx.xx with the IP address provided o you.
The following similar database error may be fixed by running a repair on the specified database table: “Can’t open file: ‘phpbb_topics.MYI’ (errno: 144).”
Follow these steps given below to repair a table in your database:-
1) Log into your Control Panel
2) Click Site Tools
3) Click Database Manager
4) For the databse in question, click Admin
5) Click phpMyAdmin
6) Click on the database name
7) Click the SQL tab
In the box, enter the following query (where table_name is the name of the table being referenced in the error message): repair table table_name
9) Click Go.
You can backup your database by using mysqldump program or the mysqlhotcopy script. mysqldump is more general because it can back up all kinds of tables. mysqlhotcopy works only with some storage engines.
Create a full backup of your database:
shell> mysqldump –tab=/path/to/some/dir –opt db_name
Or:
shell> mysqlhotcopy db_name /path/to/some/dir
You can also create a binary backup simply by just copying all table files (*.frm, *.MYD, and *.MYI files), as long as the server isn’t updating anything. The mysqlhotcopy script uses this method.
Note:These methods do not work if your database contains InnoDB tables. InnoDB does not necessarily store table contents in database directories, and mysqlhotcopy works only for MyISAM and ISAM tables.
Every hosting package provides Some GB of bandwidth per month. To put into perspective – the average web page includes roughly 200KB of data on first page load. Once cached, as the viewer visits other pages in your website, that number drops to around 20KB of new data per page – depending on the website – and then 0KB when viewing the same page twice in the same session. There are 1024KB per MB. To reach 1MB of bandwidth, you would have to view roughly 41 pages of your website. Doing the math, by multiplying 41 by size, you will have to have a total of xyz page views per month to exceed your bandwidth – not counting the zero-usage page views. Exceeding this limit is not common, but we have hosting upgrades available if it happens.
Ans:Dedicated IP address is also called as static IP,it means that a website has its own IP address. Whether you type in your URL or the numeric form of its IP address, both will bring you to the same domain.
Shared IP address means that multiple websites share the same IP address. Web servers can determine by the domain entered in a user’s browser which website is being requested. Typing in the IP address will bring you to some kind of generic page instead of the specific site you want.
What is the difference between Managed Dedicated Server and Unmanaged Dedicated Server?
Nowadays, two types of Dedicated servers are available: Unmanaged Dedicated Servers and Managed Dedicated Servers.
Unmanaged Dedicated Server:An Unmanaged Dedicated Server is a server which is to be managed by the user themselves. The client will have to update software on their own, applies necessary patches, performs kernel compiles and operating system restores, installs software, and monitors security from their end. With Unmanged Dedicated server, the client are solely responsible for day-to-day operations and maintenance etc. In this case, service provider, will only monitors the network, repairs hardware problems, and troubleshoots connectivity issues. Additionally, some service providers offer partial management of services, such as network monitoring, software upgrades and other services, but leave the general things of the server in the hands of the client. An unmanaged dedicated server is not at all suitable for someone without server management experience.
Managed Dedicated Server:A Managed Dedicated Server is generally more proactively monitored and maintained on the part of the Web Hosting provider. When a client is renting or leasing a Managed Dedicated Server, the service provider or host carries out the responsibility of software updates and patches, putting security measures in place, performing hardware replacements, and also monitoring the network and its connection for trouble. In other words, when utilizing a managed dedicated server, the host provider will perform both hardware and software operations. A managed dedication server solution works well for the customer with limited server management experience or limited time in being able to perform the duties necessary to keep a server running and online .
Bodhost provides Fully Managed Dedicated Server with 24×7 monitoring service.Our System Admins constantly monitor the servers. They ensure that the server is always available for you , and if you will face any technical issue it will be resolved asap.
What is RAID?
RAID Stands for Redundant Array of Independent Disks.It is a set of technology used for teaming disk drives to improve performance and fault tolerance of the servers .It is a way of storing the same data in several different places (thus redundantly) on multiple hard disks.By placing a data on several disks I/O (input/output) operations can be continued in a balanced way. As multiple disks increases the mean time between failures, storing data redundantly also increases fault tolerance.It is a technolgy developed in which a huge number of low cost hard drives could be linked with each other to form a single large capacity storage device which provide outstanding performance, storage capacity and trustworthy over older storage solutions. It is a deployed method which is used widely for storage in the enterprise and server markets.
There are different types of RAID from which some are as follows:-
RAID-0 : Striping
RAID-1 : Mirroring and Duplexing
RAID-2 : Error-Correcting Coding
RAID-3 : Bit-Interleaved Parity
RAID-4 : Independent Access with Dedicated Parity Disk
RAID-5 : Independent Access with Distributed Parity
RAID-0 : It uses striping to write data on multiple drives simultaneously. This means that when you write a 4GB file across 4 drives, 1GB of data is written to each drive. Parallel reading of data from multiple drives can have a remarkable positive impact on performance and reliability.Double the amount of data can be written in a given time frameon to the two different drives compared to that same data being written to a single drive.
Note:RAID-0 improves the performance of the server but does not deliver a fault tolerance.This means If one drive fails then all data in the array is lost.
RAID-1 : RAID 1 uses mirroring technology to write data on multiple drives. When you write a file, the file is actually written on to two different disks at the same time. If one of the disks fails, you simply replace it and rebuild the mirror.With RAID 1 you must purchase double the amount of storage space that your data requires.
RAID-2 : RAID 2 uses for error correction codes it is meant to use with drives which do not have built-in error detection. All SCSI drives support built-in error detection, so this level is of little use when using SCSI drives.
RAID-3 : It stripes data at a byte level across several drives, with parity stored on single drive. It is otherwise similar to level 4. Byte-level striping requires hardware support for efficient use.
RAID-4 : RAID 4 stripes data at a block level across several drives, with parity stored on single drive. The parity information allows you to recover from the failure of any single drive. The performance RAID 4 is very good for reads . Writes, however, require that parity data be updated every time. This slows small random writes, in particular, though large writes or sequential writes are fairly fast. Because only one drive in the array stores redundant data, the cost of per megabyte of a RAID 4 can be fairly low as compare to others.
RAID-5 : It provides data striping at the byte level and also stripe error correction information. This results in excellent performance and good fault tolerance. Level 5 is one of the most popular implementations of RAID .This slightly reduces available disk capacity, but it also means that the RAID array continues to function if a single disk fails. In the event of a disk failure, you simply replace the failed disk and keep working.