There is not much difference between them. Mainly two types of OS are available for VPS hosting. Linux VPS hosting and Windows VPS hosting. Cpanel vps hosting is another name of Linux VPS hosting.
VPSs are offered for two hosting platforms i.e. operating systems which are Linux and Windows. Customers also get an option to choose a control panel with the VPS for the ease of management. cPanel control panel is considered to be the best control panel for Linux VPSs and hence Linux VPSs are also known as cPanel VPS hosting.
As we all know (OP is exceptional case here ) cPanel word usually mentioned to refer hosting services, which are based on Linux distributions such as cPanel hosting = Linux shared hosting, cPanel VPS = Linux VPS, and so forth....Really it's not a rocket science.......
The cPanel provides statistics facilities that enable a website owner to analyze the total amount of traffic. Most of the web hosting providers believe that the statistics programs consume a lot of resources on a shared environment and hence tend to eliminate this facility.