It is not necessary that your website will have a negative effect in search engines if you have duplicate content on your website. However, if this content is found by the website owner from where this content is taken, the website owner can create problems for you if you haven't provided a backlink to his website for the content.
There are many websites on the internet where you will find similar content, however, the content is similar and not duplicate. That means, there are some changes made to the content ;)
If there are some changes made to the content and you have done good search engine optimization for your website, your website will definitely get good rankings
